虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的运用的知识网络 条件从句有两类,一是真实条件句,另一是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句,这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如: If time permits, we’ll go fishing together.如果时间允许,我们就一起去钓鱼。 如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如: If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来,你就会见到那位著名的教授了。(隐含的事实是:你昨天没来,也没见到那位著名教授)。 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气,现将其形式列表如下: 1.表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。 条件从句 主句 动词过去式(be用 were) Would/should/could/might + 动词原形 If I were you, I should(would ,could, might)tell him the truth. 要是我是你,我就会告诉他真相了。(事实上我不是你) If she had time, she would(could, might)help me. 如果她有时间,她就会帮我了。(事实上她没有时间)
人教高中英语单词mp3 条件从句 主句 Had +过去分词 Would/should/could/might + have+过去分词 If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t(couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你听了我的建议,你就不会考试不及格。(事实上你根本没听我的。) 3.表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果 条件从句 主句 should+动词原形were to+动词原形 would(could/should/might)+动词原形 Would/should/could/might +动词原形 If it should rain, the crops would(could, might)be saved.假如天下雨,庄稼可能就收获了。 注:在表示与将来事实可能相反的条件从句中,were to + 动词原形比较正式,常用于书面语中。如: If you were to go to Beijing, you would (could, might) have a chance to visit Tian An Men Square. ★★条件从句中省去if的情况 在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中,常可以省略if,将had, were或should提至句首。如: Had I seen the film, I would have discussed it with them last night. 假如我看了那部电影,昨晚我就可以和他们一起讨论了。 Were I a bird, I could fly freely. 假如我是一只小鸟,我就能自由翱翔。 4.主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句) 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作,发生的时间不一致,这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。如: If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话,现在就能完成这份工作了。(从句说明过去,主句说明现在。) If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 如果我是你,我就去参加她的生日晚会了。(从句说明现在,主句说明过去。) If you hadn’t lent me some money, I couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.假若你不借钱给我,我不可能买下这幢新房,很可能现在还住在危房里。(从句说明过去,主句说明过去和现在。) 5.含蓄条件句 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来,只暗含在上下文中,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况,如: What would I have done without you? 如没有你,我会怎么办呢?(条件暗含在分词短语without you中) But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助,我们的实验是不会成功。 (暗含条件是but for your help) He must have the strength of a hippopotamus, or/otherwise he never could have vanquished that great beast. 他一定是力大如河马,否则他绝不会击败那只庞大的野兽。(暗含条件是连词or) ![]() |
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